11/17/2023 0 Comments Axon to dendrite to cellbody![]() RNA-seq and Ribo-seq were conducted simultaneously for the somata (enriched in pyramidal neuron cell bodies) and the neuropil (enriched in dendrites and axons) layers. ![]() Microdissection of the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. Many transcripts display differential translation between the somata and neuropil. RNA localization dendrites local protein synthesis translatome.Ĭopyright © 2021 the Author(s). Overall, our findings emphasize the substantial contribution of local translation to maintaining synaptic protein levels and indicate that on-site translational control is an important mechanism to control synaptic strength. We constructed a searchable and interactive database for exploring mRNA transcripts and their translation levels in the somata and neuropil. For over 800 mRNAs, the dominant source of translation was the neuropil. Pervasive translational regulation was observed in both somata and neuropil influenced by specific mRNA features (e.g., untranslated region length, RNA-binding protein motifs, and upstream open reading frames ). Most translational changes between compartments could be accounted for by differences in RNA abundance. Thousands of transcripts were differentially translated between somatic and synaptic regions, with many scaffold and signaling molecules displaying increased translation levels in the neuropil. To investigate the translational landscape in neuronal subregions, we performed simultaneous RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and ribosome sequencing (Ribo-seq) from microdissected rodent brain slices to identify and quantify the transcriptome and translatome in cell bodies (somata) as well as dendrites and axons (neuropil). It is not generally known, however, if, how, and when localized mRNAs are translated into protein. The discovery of thousands of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) near synapses suggested that neurons overcome distance and gain autonomy by producing proteins locally. The impressive length of dendrites and axons imposes logistical challenges to maintain synaptic proteins at locations remote from the transcription source (the nucleus). To form synaptic connections and store information, neurons continuously remodel their proteomes.
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